Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Effect of vitamin C on N,N’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in Swiss albino mice

Chohan M Shahzad¹ , Omar MM Mohafez¹, Sahibzada T Rasool¹, Anroop B Nair²

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences; ²Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

For correspondence:- Chohan Shahzad Email: mshwhan@kfu.edu.sa Tel:+966538124600

Accepted: 20 October 2017 Published: 30 November 2017

Citation: Shahzad CM, Mohafez OM, Rasool ST, Nair AB. Effect of vitamin C on N,N’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium dichloride-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in Swiss albino mice. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(11):2645-2649 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i11.11

© 2017 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin C on paraquat-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in Swiss albino mice.

Methods: Three groups of Swiss albino mice (n = 10), i.e., control, paraquat (15 mg/kg) and paraquat (15 mg/kg) + vitamin C (20 mg/kg) were used in the study. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally for four days. Blood samples were collected on day 5 for determination of serum levels of liver and renal biomarkers. Thereafter, the animals were sacrificed; liver and kidney were excised and preserved in neutral formalin for histopathological analysis.

Results: The paraquat-treated animals showed higher levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), serum urea and creatinine, relative to values for control. Histopathological examination of the paraquat-treated animals showed cytoplasmic vacuolar degeneration and congestion of central vein in the liver, and glomerular necrosis in the kidneys. Control and vitamin C-treated mice showed normal architecture of liver and kidney.

Conclusion: These results indicate that vitamin C modulated the paraquat-induced liver and renal abnormalities in the experimental animals. Thus vitamin C exerts hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects against paraquat poisoning.

Keywords: Paraquat poisoning, Liver, Kidney, Vitamin C, Toxicity, Histopathology